Method for producing radiators for automobiles.



F. SHG? www F02 PHonUcxNG Mnl/xmas FOR Auomoanfs.

APPUCAYION FILED MR. 2. [91?,

Patented oen-9, 1917.

TENT OFFICE.

FREDERICK SLEGEL, OFIBVINGTO, NEW JERSEY, AESIGNDB T0 AUTO RADIATOR COMPANY, A CORPORATION 0F NEW JERSEY.

METHOD FOB PRODUCING BADIATDRB FOB. AUTOMOBILES.

Epoccicntion of Lettera Patent.

Patented Oct. 9, 191'?.

Application Iliad-Hatch I, 1917. Se'lalrll'o. 158,038.

To allwltom it ma concern:

Be it known t atl, .Fiinniinxcir Sworn., citizen of the United States, residing nt Irvington1 Essex countyrtete of 'New Jereey,A have invented certain new and useful Im rovements in"A Methods for Produci g Re iators for Autoinobilee,owliich th-f lowing is a specification.

`My inventionrelates to processes for malring writer cooling devices, und more purticulerly to methods -oi producing radiators for automobiles and'other uses. l

An object of my improved process is to produce u device of the class described which ismore durable, more easily repaired und and restored when injured or damaged labor which con be manufactured with less and at correspondingly vreduced cost.

My process generically described cornprises two principal steps or stages of which the first comprises` the preparation of o core or matrix of peeulier'design und construction, upon which nn'yelectro-deposit muy lie formedznnd then in subjecting the core thus pre `aired to the electrolytic process immedi- 'atelljthut is, without other preliminary or intervening s teps,.pr odiicing thereby a perlfectly formed radiator which not onlyr pos,- sesscs, rimon other characteristics, ii smooth interior sur :we due to the iiiziiinei` in which the core-matrix lius been freed from impurities und imperfections iii casting, but which also, owing to forin of uri'niigouieiit of `all its surfaces, receives the deposit uni formly throughout thc entire mui ofthe shell formed .thei'cby.

illy-:method more `pui'tieuliirly described, therefore, .consists in the method 'employed :for producing 'the core or-iiiiitrix of improved Vquality-iisto.the nature of the composition thcr'co,` iind in tlic'peculiur fen- 'tureswhicliehirructerizo the conformation Y present process isn. onwpicce riidiiitorlmw liso' ling twovsiinilur vpni-iillel focos seamlessly i joined at't-l'ioirsidos lay-oblique. surfiioos,oiincl which nrefurtherjconnecteil b numerous tiibuliiropeningsH with similar y inclined surfaces fot theY p iissiigeof air corren ts therethrough; so thetfiillisurfirccs, includin ,the

purulell faces, Ltheiconnecting'odges un the I mtermedietle constitute a; continuous integral surface of substantially uni forni thickness throiigliout,'nndso disposedv l that a. maximum surface uren` `of theiriidil. atorirnziy be subjected to the action of'the coolingelement. y eo I 5,

Heretoforo, many attempts to produce un i A 1 article of the description indicated have not onlybeeii liihoriousiilid 'expensive'iii methods employed that have couipriselcompliciitions which I have eliminated but such attempts have also been rendered unsuccessful bv resi-` son of `the faulty nuiniicr in which the coro, member liii's been iiiiide, iii that it iisiiiilly contuined impurities und defects iii its coiuposition, tliut here detrncled from the iiidisr44 i0 pensable degree of smoothness required in the inntrix of this type. i The iii-st. above mentioned deficiency hns been overcome in the present method by the simple expediency of adapting the :forni oT the connectin surfaces, namely, the tubes, *i so culled, an the edges, 'so thnt they `will receive the deposit directly upon the faces of the matrix nt :i single emersionthereof .l 1 'in the electrolytic bath, iii which direct iroo-Sj4l 4 ,y ess the-.complete radiator shell is produced 'l 'y in the finzi 'form requiredl-- To'ths-eiid ut hoth the front und reni' suriii'ces of the shell,` I incline or bevel theedges of the respefc- Y tive sides, und likewise the surfaces witli- S5 iu the duets or apertures :it upproxiiniitoly forty-five. degrees or less, relatively lo the respective planes of the two parallel` ifeces" constitutin snid front and linclr portions.` 2 y Thot is, n ike uren of tho vdcvliv'ity or thefo" f hevels spcifiled is presented nt. .both thefl f front und reni' sides of the matrix:member,l so that when tliiitrniciiibcr is ein loyed'fns the cathode und is exposed fo toe-direct impiictof the ions of the electvrolytic.deposit which play simultiineously from the opp'o-` sitely disposedjiiiiodesLt rcoeivosoii iili'iiost equiil ldeptli. ofr deposit lupon-the inclined I upon tlieuother surfacestlijeijeiii.V i.

1 Indditioii totle udlvf ciiil form of uinti'ix'coi practice of iiy process,v Isliirthe; iir'n' the resulting sit ovnthesiiiffitces't Ver lof by" reason zo the 'high degree of honi Igoneity of the materiel comprising" the Tliiis, the difficulties und deficiencies here? tofore existingio mntriicomsdue he presence ofioi-'ei virie'ister-iin the ciistin veliminate inthe i'rwtnnd `"siiiliple in Y65 point than that of the e of introducing the molten material iifto and through the bottom ofthe inol'd, employing a U-shaped section for 'the purpose immediately adjacent the point of connection with the mold. This U-shaped construction of the tube for conducting the molten metal into the mold, constitutes a type of trap for liquids and has aan arm reaching above the height of the pattern in which the metal is I to be cast, at the top of which is retained the dross and the innumerable air sucks and blow-holes incident to the pouring, while -the pure metal flowing through the trap at the bottom of the U-tubc enters the cast- 16 in entirely free from such impurities.

he mold which I preferably employ is of the so-called split type, that is, it is made up of two similar members, having their inner and oppositely disposed faces recessed in 20 conformity to the general outlines of' the radiator, and in depth are equal subst-an tially to one-half the thickness of the core or matrix to be cast therein; so that when the members a're brought together they constitute a hollow chamber corresponding to the design of the shell required. The orilice through which theJ metal is poured iny casting the matrix, is placedat the bot-toni 0f the mold, the metal being conducted v thereinto through the U-shaped section or trap described above, the open arm of which, as pointed out, entends above the level of the mold. At the upper edge of the mold are provided vent holes necessary for the es cape of air that is displaced by the metal.

In the practice of my invention I preferably employ apparatus substantially as above set forth to supply convenient means for attainment of the result of the within described process, which however do not constitute indispensable elements of my improved method of producing radiator shells and` similar articles.

The appliances thus preferably employed in obtaining the results indicated are illuslrated in the preferred forms thereof in the accompanying drawing, of which- Figure 1 is an elevation of the coro or matrix;

Fig. 2 is an enlarged partial sectional View thereof;

Fig. 3 is a similar .sectional view of the core shown in Fig. 2 with a deposit thereon in the form in which it comes from the electrolytic bath;

Fig. 4 is a like sectional view of the shell after the core has been removed:

Fig. 5 is an upright sectional view of the mold having attached to the bottom thereof a bent tube ythrough which molten metal may be introduced into the mold.

. Referring to the drawings: l() represents a core-matrix (Figs. l and Q), which is made of a metal havin? a lower melting cetro-deposit to be laid thereon, preferably of lead or some suitable alloy thereof The matrix is perforated practically throughout itsentire area by a plurality of orifices 12 having at the opposite sides simi- 70 larly beveled faces or flaring mouths lil. These perforations are preferably arranged in horizontal rows so'that an orifice of one row is immediately under the solid mate'- rial separating those of the adjacent rows, such offset` arrangements being designed to produce a radiator having its air conduct inf tubes in a position to divide the cuntainecl fluid of the radiator and thereby extend the circulation to the full width of the radiator, in thus passing` from the top to ward the bottom thereof. The exact arrangement ef placing one orifice equal! y dis tant from those next above or below is not, however, a controlling features of my involition, it beingl preferable iu any event, however, to have those ducts staggered" in some similar manner.

The respective sides 11 of the matrix are given a similar bevel to that of the orifices, which for the connecting surfaces along the sides as well as those within the orifices, in the preferred form of my process, is fixed at an angle of approximately l5@ to the re spective parallel faces of the matrix. This specified inclination or bevel of the :zo-called connecting surfaces has been fixed upon for important reasons, among which are theV following: first, that in the usuall electrolytic` process adeposit can be made upon a surface of such a prescribed declivity at about the same rate of deposit as upon the sur face at right angles to the line of impact of the particles deposited thereon; and, secondly7 for the reason that this arrangement 105 produces the maximum efficiency for reducing the temperature of its circulating contents and is possessed of great strength. combined with a certain degree of elastic yield.

As the anodes are placed several inches from the surface or sides of the matrix, the fractionof an inch in the difference between the apex of the angles on the surface or sides of the matrix and the apex of the angles between the orifices will cause no apple 11: ciable difference in the'thickness of the deposition of copper.

lt is apparent that a-more acute angle than 450 will reduce proportionately the radiating surface and that a more obtuse angle 1'20 w1ll cause an unequal deposition of copper.

I have therefore found that apertures with a bevel of substantially the 4:50 Obliquity specified enhance the temperature reducin efficiency of radiator Shells ot' this genera 125 construction.. It is also apparent that if this bevel be reduced less resistance would be offered to the air or other medium passing through the perforation, for which reason the air is less dense andpossessed of a. lower capacity for heat absorption, auch reduction iu cooling efliciency continuing proportionately` as the sides of the tube approach the lilies of a straight bore; on the other hand should this| bevel be fiatteued, while for reasons indicated the cooling action of a. given coefiicient of air would be improved, yet the distance between the parallel faces would accordingly diminiah, correspondingly reducin the circulation capacity of the radiator un ess the forni of thc apertures be modified, which would give rise to complications-1 and considier-ationsI not deemed necessary to explain iu the present connection.

Furthermore, the bevels of the opposite sides at the point of their intersection form a ninety degrees angle within the shell which in itself possesses a twofold advantage of eliflening' and bracing' the shell most effin-tively, and i also of providing against forming,- narrowi internal crm'ilcs', for the accumulation of aolids, deposita and other deleteri'bne aerrctions which would accumulate at those scant". if more acute con vergence of the two bevel sjirfaces were perinitted. l

These beveled sn rfaccs oithc apertures 12, as has been se'ei'i, are similar in form and area at the respective front and rear sides of the radiator, so that a deposit is simultaneously applied upon the opposite faces and fhen the process is complete a continuous. unbroken union unido between the parallel faces connected tlnfrcby with the advantaeous results as pointed out.

The mold 2() is made up of two similar side members 21, each havingV a recess 23 con forming to the outlines of the core to be cat therein and is held together by bolts 26 ha ring an opening provided with a nipple 25 at the bottom and vent holes S24 at the top.

To the nipple 25 is attached the short arm of a U-sliaped tube 30, having a long' arm 32 with a flaring funnel mouth 33 for receivingr the molten metal therein, and a trap section 31 at the bottourmost portion thereof, through which the metal passes before enteringr the mold.

'lhe matrix core thus produced is introduced into an electrolytic bath in the usual manner of electroplating, and a deposit preferably of copper is allowed to cover all the surfaces of the matrix to the required thickness, and thereupon sufficient heat is applied to the matrix to melt the'core which flows out through the opening at the bottom made in the shell of the radiator to be ultimately used for connecting the water circulation.

Having' claim isz- A method of making radiator bodies comprising` the formation from a metal of a lol fusing point of a matrix core having parallel faces and beveled connecting surfaces of approximately 4430 declivity, depoaiting;r a metal shell of substantially uniform thickness ou said faces and said beveled surfaces; and removingl the core from the shell.

2. A method of making radiator bodies comprising the formation from a metal of a low fusing point of a matrix core having parallel faces and'beveled connecting surfaces of approximately 450 declivity, de* positing a metal shell of substantially nni-` forin thickness on said faces and said beveled surfaces; and removing the core from the shell by melting the core.

ln testimony whereof, have signed my name to this specification in the presence of two subscribing witnesses, this 24th day of February, 1917.

FREDERICK SEGEL. l

described my invention, what I Witnesses:

LiLLIAN CARLIN, lnmu ENNIssoN. 

